2。现在分词的被动态“beingdone”表示其逻辑主语是动作的承受者。例如:Beihespy,hehidhimselfincave。
3。分词的否定形式是在分词前加not。例如:Notknoas,sherefusedtolethimin。
Nothavingfinishedhishomework,heremaihe。
4。分词独立主格结构。分词的一般形式在句中作状语,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。但如果分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,就要在分词前面加一个名词或代词作逻辑主语,用逗号与句子隔开,这个结构就叫分词独立主格结构。分词独立主格结构主要表示伴随状态或动作,还可以表示时间、原因和条件。例如:Hesattheresilently,hisheadbending。(伴随)Heial,hishandsghisface。(伴随)Hewalkedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithblood。(伴随)Themeetingbeingover,hehurriedhome。(时间)Hislegwounded,heotwalkfast。(原因)ermitting,we’llgopig。(条件)5。现在分词用于固定词组,在句中没有逻辑主语。例如:Generallyspeaking,Englishisnotverydifficult。
Judgingfromwhatyousay,heisthebestintheclass。
Regardinghisage,hehasdoneverywell。
6。分词前加定冠词,成为名词用法。例如:theliving(活着的人),thewouheemployed(雇员),thelearned(有学问的人)
I。VocabularyandStructure
&hereare20iehispart。ForeacetherearefourarkedA),B),dD)。ChoosetheOpletesthesentence。
Exercises
1。Thisisan_____thatwillnotbeeasilyfotten。
A)impactB)academisultD)alternative2。Please_____meformyrudeness。Ireallydonotkomhere。
A)engageB)fortC)executeD)five3。Wateraohumanbeilivewithoutthem。
A)harborB)funiteD)essential4。lahepasseo_____theirseatbelts。
A)fountainB)fixC)tightD)fasten5。Thisisnotwhatweaskedyoutodo。Youorepayforthe_____work。
A)owiiredD)extra6。Mythroatis_____。Iotspeakanymore。
A)soreB)purchaseC)glowD)faint7。Manyyearsago,alotoffactorieswere_____frombigountainousareasincaseof>
A)trarararansported8。Hesaidihewould_____somephotographsbutI’tfindanythingintheenvelope。
A)caseB)doubleonsense9。ManyEnglishwordsare_____fromLatin。
A)displayedB)spreadC)lostD)derived10。Ifeel_____tosaythatIotbelieve>
A)wantedB)observedC)obligedD)wandered11。_____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestodoesall。
A)pareB)WhenparingparingD)Whehemusicofthefilm_____byhimsoundsso_____。
A)playiingB)played,excitedg,excitedD)played,exg13。_____againsttheinghurrie,theydarednotleavehome。
A)WarnedB)HaviowarnD)Warn14。In_____tries,you’talwaysmakeyourself_____byspeakingEnglish。
A)English-speakiandB)English-spokeandglish-speakioodD)English-speakiood15。After_____theoldmaestedthathe_____abadcold。
A)examining,shouldcatchB)examined,hadcaughting,hadcaughtD)examich16。_____,Tomjumpedintotheriverandhadagoodtimeinit。
A)BeagoagoodswimmergbeengoodswimmerD)Tobeagoodswimmer17。_____howtoreadthenewwords,Ioftehediary。
A)HavingnotknownB)Nottoknow’tknowD)Notknowing
18。Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____theyear。
A)carryoutC)carriedoutD)tocarryout19。Hereturnedfromabroad_____thathismotherhadbeenbadlyill。
A)heardB)havingbeenheard
gphonedD)havingbeeheresearchissodesigonothiogeit。
A)beginsB)havingbeguningD)begunII。Readingprehension